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What is EBD?
When a rotating wheel is subjected to excessive heavy braking, it is prone to lock-up. In motor vehicles,
the anti-lock braking system (ABS) works to prevent this by monitoring wheel speeds and taking action in the form of releasing pressure on the braking circuit, when a rapid deceleration occurs in any of the wheels to ensure steering and vehicular control is maintained during heavy or emergency braking. This has its disadvantages though, as different amounts of braking pressure are required to lock a rotating wheel on different surfaces.

EBD Operation

How does it works?
here is an example to explain how EBD work, less braking pressure would be needed to lock a wheel which was in contact with ice than a wheel which was in contact with an asphalt road.

 In a situation where the wheels of a vehicle are on different surfaces (for example the two left wheels are on a concrete road and the two right wheels were on snow), during an emergency stop ABS would detect the two right wheels about to lock and would activate, even though the two left wheels would not have locked when the right wheels did.

 EBD detects such conditions and electronically controls the braking force applied to each individual wheel, and therefore maximizes the braking force to ensure a maximum braking effectiveness. The final result is more precise and effective braking under all conditions, and also makes the car much more stable under heavy braking, reducing front end dive

Press to Watch Brake System Video 1

Press to Watch Brake System Video 2
Press to Watch Brake System Video 3

What is ESC or ESP?
 Electronic Stability Control (ESC) is a computerized system designed to improve a vehicle's handling by detecting and preventing skids, helping the driver maintain control of the vehicle.

Note: (ESP always needs ABS system, where the ABS plays as an Actuator while the ESC playing as the controller) . Read about ABS
 ESC simplifies steering for the driver. ESC uses the vehicle's braking system as a tool for "steering" the vehicle back on track. Braking is automatically applied to individual wheels, such as the inner rear wheel to counter under steer, or the outer front wheel to counter over steer. Some ESC systems also intervene by reducing engine power or accelerating the driven wheels.

ESC components

One step beyond ABS is modern ESC systems. Here, two more sensors are added to help the system work. These are a steering wheel angle sensor, and a gyroscopic sensor.

The theory of operation is simple: when the gyroscopic sensor detects that the direction taken by the car doesn't agree with what the steering wheel sensor says, the ESC software will brake the necessary wheel(s) (up to three with the most sophisticated systems) so that the car goes the way the driver intends.

The wheel sensor also helps in the operation, since this will tell the ABS that wheels on the outside of the curve should brake more than wheels on the inside, and by how much.

 How does it work?
ESC compares the driver's intended direction (by measuring steering angle) to the vehicle's actual direction (by measuring lateral acceleration, vehicle rotation (yaw) and individual wheel speeds). If the vehicle is not going where the driver is steering, ESC then brakes individual front or rear wheels and/or reduces excess engine power (not all systems can reduce engine power) as needed to help correct under-steer (plowing) or over-steer (fishtailing).

Effect of ESC by using ABS system

ESC incorporates yaw angle control into anti-lock brakes. Yaw is rotation around the vertical axis; i.e. spinning left or right. Anti-lock brakes enable ESC to brake individual wheels.

ESC may also incorporate traction control, which senses drive-wheel slip under acceleration and individually brakes the slipping wheel or wheels and/or reduces excess engine power until control is regained.
ESC cannot override a car's physical limits or increase traction. If a driver pushes the vehicle's traction beyond its limits, ESC cannot prevent a crash. It is a tool to help the driver maintain control using available traction.


Press to Watch Brake System Video 1

Press to Watch Brake System Video 2
Press to Watch Brake System Video 3